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Dr Graeme Shannon

Lecturer in Zoology (Behaviour) / Director of Impact and Engagement

g.shannon@bangor.ac.uk

+44 1248 382318

0000-0002-5039-4904

Dr Graeme Shannon

View Dr Graeme Shannon’s profile on the Bangor Research Portal

Additional Contact Information

Location: 304 Environment Centre Wales

Tel: 01248 382318

Website: www.wildliferesearch.co.uk

My research and teaching centres on the fields of animal behaviour, ecology and conservation, with particular focus on the effects of human activities on wildlife, animal cognition and the behavioural ecology of large herbivores. I have studied African elephants over the past two decades, addressing questions on foraging and movement ecology as well as investigating the detailed social and ecological knowledge of elephant family groups and the role of the matriarch. The research that I have conducted on elephant cognition has involved extensive use of acoustic playbacks, whereby animal vocalisations are broadcast to study the responses of elephants to social and ecological threats. More recently, I have applied these playback techniques to understand the effects of anthropogenic noise - a growing source of environmental disturbance - on animal behavior and wildlife ecology. I am also interested in the role that large herbivores play in ecosystem function and structure in natural and human altered habitats. This has led to the development of a project exploring fallow deer behaviour and habitat utilisation in the Elwy Valley, North Wales.

Teaching and Supervision

Module organiser

  • Behavioural Ecology (BSX2018) - second year
  • Practical Skills 2 (BSX1031) - first year

Module contributor

  • Advances in Behaviour (BNS3004) - third year
  • Bioscience skills (BSX2021) - second year
  • Invertebrates (BSX2017) - second year

I supervise third (BSX3070) and fourth year (BSM4000) undergraduate project students with a focus on topics in animal behaviour, ecology and conservation.

Postgraduate research students

Rhea Burton-Roberts (PhD) - Exploring how resource availability affects elephant movement across spatiotemporal scales

Owain Barton (PhD KESS II) -Environmental and human drivers of fallow deer movement and habitat use: Implications for disease and natural resource management

Amy Gresham (PhD Envision) - Quantifying the effects of fallow deer (Dama dama) on woodland structure in a human-altered landscape

Jenny Amphaeris (PhD) - Reconceptualising past models which portray language as a phenomenon distinct from communication across species

Bethan Pugh (MSc-Res KESS II) - Mink in Welsh waterways: The efficacy of invasive species control

Ellie Roylance-Casson (Msc-Res) - The Drivers of Sexual Dimorphism in Ungulates: Do Ungulates Follow Rensch’s Rule?

Alex Harcourt (Msc-Res) - Exploring the effects of artificial light at night on amphibian emergence behaviour

Jess Baggott (Msc-Res) - The effects of anthropogenic noise on foraging and vigilance in songbirds

Postgraduate Project Opportunities

I am keen to take on postgraduate students who are interested in exploring the effects of human activity on the ecology and behaviour of wildlife. More specifically, this includes projects: 1) Exploring how large herbivores adapt to human transformed habitats. 2) Understanding the habitat and ecosystem-level effects of expanding large herbivore populations. 3) Investigating the impacts of anthropogenic noise and artificial light at night on animal behaviour using lab and field-based studies. 4) Exploring the behavioural ecology of African elephants with a focus on movement ecology and cognition. More details at http://www.wildliferesearch.co.uk/Wildlife_Research/Research.html

Publications

2023

  • PublishedUnderwater noise is a threat to marine life: Conversation article
    Shannon, G., 17 Jan 2023, The Conversation.
    Research output: Contribution to specialist publication › Article

2022

  • PublishedEarly trauma affects an elephant’s ability to assess threat from lions – new research
    Shannon, G., 18 Feb 2022, The Conversation.
    Research output: Contribution to specialist publication › Article
  • PublishedOverlap not Gap: Understanding the Relationship between Animal Communication and Language with Prototype Theory
    Amphaeris, J., Shannon, G. & Tenbrink, T., Jun 2022, In: Lingua. 272, 103332.
    Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
  • PublishedSeasonal range fidelity of a megaherbivore in response to environmental change
    Burton-Roberts, R., Cordes, L., Slotow, R., Vanak, A. T., Thaker, M., Govender, N. & Shannon, G., 22 Dec 2022, In: Scientific Reports.
    Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
  • PublishedSocial Disruption Impairs Predatory Threat Assessment in African Elephants
    Shannon, G., Cordes, L., Slotow, R., Moss, C. & McComb, K., 17 Feb 2022, In: Animals. 12, 4
    Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
  • PublishedThe effects of population management on wild ungulates: A systematic map of evidence for UK species
    Barton, O., Gresham, A., Healey, J., Cordes, L. & Shannon, G., 10 Jun 2022, In: PLoS ONE. 17, 6, 26 p., e0267385.
    Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2021

  • PublishedCognitive Linguistics Support for the Evolution of Language from Animal Cognition
    Amphaeris, J., Shannon, G. & Tenbrink, T., Jul 2021.
    Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper › peer-review
  • PublishedContrasting selection pressure on body and weapon size in a polygynous megaherbivore
    Shannon, G., Sadler, P., Smith, J., Roylance-Casson, E. & Cordes, L., 31 Oct 2021, In: Biology Letters. 17, 10
    Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
  • PublishedCurious Kids: why do elephants have tusks?
    Shannon, G., 15 Mar 2021, The Conversation.
    Research output: Contribution to specialist publication › Article
  • PublishedWe used 60-year-old notebooks to find out why male hippos have bigger tusks than females
    Shannon, G., 8 Oct 2021, The Conversation.
    Research output: Contribution to specialist publication › Article
  • PublishedWhite-tailed deer found to be huge reservoir of coronavirus infection
    Shannon, G., Gresham, A. & Barton, O., 8 Nov 2021, The Conversation.
    Research output: Contribution to specialist publication › Article

2020

  • PublishedNoisy humans make birds sleep with one eye open – but lockdown offered a reprieve
    Shannon, G., 25 Jun 2020, The Conversation.
    Research output: Contribution to specialist publication › Article
  • PublishedSleeping Eurasian oystercatchers adjust their vigilance in response to the behaviour of neighbours, human disturbance and environmental conditions
    McBlain, M., Jones, K. & Shannon, G., Oct 2020, In: Journal of Zoology. 312, 2, p. 75-84 10 p.
    Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
  • PublishedThe last giants: the rise and fall of the african elephant
    Wood, L., Shannon, G. & Bates, L., 2 Apr 2020, Hodder & Stoughton. 260 p.
    Research output: Book/Report › Book
  • PublishedVocal characteristics of prairie dog alarm calls across an urban noise gradient
    Shannon, G., McKenna, M. F., Wilson-Henjum, G., Angeloni, L., Crooks, K. & Wittemyer, G., Mar 2020, In: Behavioral Ecology. 31, 2, p. 393-400
    Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2019

  • PublishedAlarm call modification by prairie dogs in the presence of juveniles
    Wilson-Henjum, G., Job, J., McKenna, M. F., Shannon, G. & Wittemyer, G., May 2019, In: Ethology. 37, 2, p. 167-174 8 p.
    Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
  • PublishedConservation behavior in action: a comment on Harding et al
    Shannon, G., Dec 2019, In: Behavioral Ecology. 30, 6, p. 1513-1514 2 p.
    Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

2017

  • PublishedBest Practices Toward Sustainable Ecotourism
    Shannon, G., 27 May 2017, Ecotourism’s Promise and Peril. Germany: Springer International Publishing, p. 153-178 26 p.
    Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter › peer-review
  • PublishedEcological Consequences of Ecotourism for Wildlife Populations and Communities
    Shannon, G., Larson, C. L., Reed, S. E., Krooks, K. R. & Angeloni, L. M., 21 Aug 2017, Ecotourism’s Promise and Peril. Blumstein, D. T., Geoffrey, B., Samia, D. S. M. & Bessa, E. (eds.). Springer International Publishing
    Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter

2016

  • PublishedA synthesis of two decades of research documenting the effects of noise on wildlife
    Shannon, G., McKenna, M. F., Angeloni, L. M., Crooks, K., Fristrup, K. M., Brown, E., Warner, K. A., Nelson, M. D., White, C., Briggs, J., McFarland, S. & Wittemyer, G., 4 Oct 2016, In: Biological Reviews. 91, 4, p. 982 1005 p.
    Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
  • PublishedCharacterizing anthropogenic noise to improve understanding and management of impacts to wildlife
    McKenna, M. F., Shannon, G. & Fristrup, K., 28 Nov 2016, In: Endangered Species Research. 31, p. 279-291 13 p.
    Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
  • PublishedRoad noise causes earlier predator detection and flight response in a free-ranging mammal
    Shannon, G. W., Crooks, K. R., Wittemyer, G., Fristrup, K. M. & Angeloni, L. M., 7 Apr 2016, In: Behavioral Ecology. 27, 5, p. 1370-1375
    Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
  • PublishedWhat prairie dogs tell us about the effects of noise pollution
    Shannon, G., 14 Apr 2016, The Conversation.
    Research output: Contribution to specialist publication › Article

2015

  • PublishedA framework to assess evolutionary responses to anthropogenic light and sound
    Swaddle, J. P., Francis, C., Barber, J., Cooper, C., Kyba, C., Dominoni, D., Shannon, G., Aschehoug, E., Goodwin, S., Kawahara, A., Luther, D., Spoelstra, K., Voss, M. & Longcore, T., 1 Sep 2015, In: Trends in Ecology and Evolution. 30, 9, p. 550-560
    Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
  • PublishedHow noise pollution is changing animal behaviour
    Shannon, G., 17 Dec 2015, The Conversation.
    Research output: Contribution to specialist publication › Article
  • PublishedRangeland dynamics: investigating vegetation composition and structure of urban and exurban prairie dog habitat
    Hopson, R., Meiman, P. & Shannon, G., 29 Jan 2015, In: PeerJ. 3
    Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2014

  • PublishedBehavioral responses associated with a human-mediated predator shelter
    Shannon, G., Cordes, L. S., Angeloni, L., Hardy, A. & Crooks, K., 9 Apr 2014, In: PLoS ONE. 9, 4, e94630.
    Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
  • PublishedElephants can determine ethnicity, gender, and age from acoustic cues in human voices
    Shannon, G. W., McComb, K., Shannon, G., Sayialel, K. N. & Moss, C., 10 Mar 2014, In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 111, 14, p. 5433-5438
    Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
  • PublishedRecommended survey designs for occupancy modelling using motion-activated cameras: insights from empirical wildlife data
    Shannon, G., Lewis, J. S. & Gerber, B. D., 28 Aug 2014, In: PeerJ. 2, e532.
    Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
  • PublishedRoad traffic noise modifies behaviour of a keystone species
    Shannon, G. W., Shannon, G., Angeloni, L. M., Wittmeyer, G., Fristrup, K. M. & Crooks, K. R., 7 Jul 2014, In: Animal Behaviour. 94, p. 135-141
    Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Activities

2022

  • Using remote activated cameras to estimate relative abundance and habitat preference of red squirrels

    Population estimates are essential for the conservation of wildlife. However, accurate estimates can be labour-intensive, particularly for small and medium-sized mammals where capture and handling of individuals is often required. Our study aimed to provide a robust and standardised method of determining red squirrel abundance using remotely activated cameras, while also quantifying how red squirrel abundance relates to key habitat characteristics. Fifty sample points were selected in four habitat categories in forests across Anglesey. We found a strong correlation (r = 0.78) between the number of red squirrels live-trapped over ten-days with the number of camera images recorded during a five-day period. Red squirrel abundance was negatively related to stand canopy openness, while the presence of Scots pine and increased tree species diversity were positively related to squirrel abundance. Our results demonstrate that remotely activated cameras can provide a suitable tool for surveying red squirrel abundance and guiding habitat management.

    19 Dec 2022

    Activity: Oral presentation (Speaker)

Projects

  • iDeer: An Integrated Deer Management Platform

    12/08/2022 – 30/09/2024 (Active)

  • Red Squirrel survey

    01/09/2021 – 30/11/2022 (Finished)

  • KESS II MRes with British Association for shooting and conservation- BUK2193

    01/02/2020 – 31/10/2021 (Finished)

  • KESS II Phd with The Deer Initiative- BUK2145

    01/11/2017 – 28/02/2023 (Finished)

  • KESS II MRes with The Deer Initiative- BUK281

    01/11/2016 – 28/02/2020 (Finished)

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