n.hockley@bangor.ac.uk

Tel: +44(0)1248 382769

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Twitter: @NealHockley

Thoday S1b

My research includes: socio-economic impacts of conservation, forestry and land management; environmental justice and governance; land and forest tenure, valuation methods and cost-benefit analysis.

I work closely with the Mitsilo lab on the Mirari project (Mitantana ara-drariny – or Managing Protected Areas Equitably)  https://mitsilo.org/mirari/   

I welcome PhD applicants in any of these areas (please read these guidance notes).

Languages: English, French, Malagasy & Welsh

I welcome research students in the above research areas - please contact me with a CV and some information about your proposed research.

2024

• PublishedPolicy change and power dynamics: how actors respond to participatory forest management across multiple scales in Tanzania
  Magessa, K. & Hockley, N., 2024, Power Dynamics in African Forests: The Politics of Global Sustainability. Ongolo, S. & Krott, M. (eds.). London: Routledge, p. 234-249
  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter › peer-review

2023

• PublishedResolving land tenure security is essential to deliver forest restoration
  Rakotonarivo, O. S., Rakotoarisoa, M., Rajaonarivelo, H. M., Raharijaona, S., Jones, J. P. G. & Hockley, N., 25 May 2023, In: Communications Earth and Environment. 4, 1, 179.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2022

• PublishedConstraints on Rice Cultivation in Eastern Madagascar: Which Factors Matter to Smallholders, and Which Influence Food Security?
  Dröge, S., Poudyal, M., Hockley, N., Mandimbiniaina, R., Rasoamanana, A., Andrianantenaina, N. S. & Llopis, J. C., Jun 2022, In: Human Ecology. 50, 3, p. 493-513 21 p.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2021

• PublishedRevue des textes fonciers et forestiers pour la mise en œuvre de la restauration des paysages forestiers à Madagascar
  Rajaonarivelo, H. M., Rakotonarivo, S., Raharijoana, S., Raparison, E., Rakotoarisoa, M. & Hockley, N., 1 Dec 2021, In: Madagascar Conservation and Development. 16, 1, p. 32-42
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2020

• PublishedAre policies for decentralised forest governance designed to achieve full devolution? Evidence from Eastern Africa
  Hockley, N., Magessa, K. & Wynne-Jones, S., 1 Mar 2020, In: International Forestry Review. 22, 1, p. 83-100
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedDoes Tanzanian participatory forest management policy achieve its governance objectives?
  Magessa, K., Wynne-Jones, S. & Hockley, N., Feb 2020, In: Forest Policy and Economics. 111, February 2020, 102077.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedPublic preferences for multiple dimensions of bird biodiversity at the coast: insights for the cultural ecosystem services framework
  Boeri, M., Stojanovic, T. A., Wright, L. J., Burton, N. H. K., Hockley, N. & Bradbury, R. B., 5 Apr 2020, In: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. 235, 106571.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2018

• PublishedEstimating welfare impacts where property rights are contested: methodological and policy implications
  Rakotonarivo, O., Jacobsen, J., Poudyal, M., Rasoamanana, A. & Hockley, N., Jan 2018, In: Land Use Policy. 70, p. 71-83
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedFair and equitable conservation: do we really want it, and if so, do we know how to achieve it?
  Hockley, N., Mandimbiniaina, R. & Rakotonarivo, O. S., Dec 2018, In: Madagascar Conservation and Development. 13, 1
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Editorial › peer-review
• PublishedHousehold economy, forest dependency & opportunity costs of conservation in eastern rainforests of Madagascar
  Poudyal, M., Rakotonarivo, O. S., Razafimanahaka, J. H., Hockley, N. & Jones, J. P. G., 23 Oct 2018, In: Scientific data. 5, 180225.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedUsing stakeholder preferences to select native tree species for reforestation in Lebanon
  Hockley, N., Brook, R. & Sarkissian, A., 1 Sept 2018, In: New Forests. 49, p. 637-647
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedWho bears the cost of forest conservation?
  Poudyal, M., Jones, J. P. G., Rakotonarivo, O. S., Hockley, N., Gibbons, J. M., Mandimbiniaina, R., Rasoamanana, A., Andrianantenaina, N. S. & Ramamonjisoa, B. S., 5 Jul 2018, In: PeerJ. 6, e5106.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2017

• PublishedAsset-building payments for ecosystem services: Assessing landowner perceptions of reforestation incentives in Lebanon
  Sarkissian, A., Brook, R., Talhouk, S. N. & Hockley, N., Aug 2017, In: Forest Systems. e012.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedImpact of forest co-management programs on forest conditions in Malawi
  Chinangwa, L., Pullin, A. & Hockley, N., 16 Mar 2017, In: Journal of Sustainable Forestry. 36, 4, p. 338-357
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedQualitative and quantitative evidence on the true local welfare costs of forest conservation in Madagascar: Are discrete choice experiments a valid ex ante tool?
  Rakotonarivo, S., Jacobsen, J. B., Larsen, J. B., Jones, J. P. G., Nielsen, M. S., Ramamonjisoa, B. S., Mandimbiniaina, R. & Hockley, N., Jun 2017, In: World Development. 94, p. 478-491
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedUnderstanding community criteria for assessing forest co-management programmes: evidence from Malawi
  Chinangwa, L., Pullin, A. S. & Hockley, N., 1 Mar 2017, In: International Forestry Review. 19, 1, p. 17-28 12 p.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2016

• PublishedA systematic review of the reliability and validity of discrete choice experiments in valuing non-market environmental goods
  Rakotonarivo, O., Schaafsma, M. & Hockley, N., 1 Dec 2016, In: Journal of Environmental Management. 183, 1, p. 98-109
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedCan co-management of government forest reserves achieve devolution? Evidence from Malawi
  Chinangwa, L., Sinclair, F., Pullin, A. & Hockley, N., Jan 2016, In: Forests, Trees and Livelihoods. 25, 1, p. 41-58
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedCan REDD+ social safeguards reach the ‘right’ people? Lessons from Madagascar
  Poudyal, M., Ramamonjisoa, B. S., Hockley, N., Rakotonarivo, O. S., Gibbons, J. M., Mandimbiniaina, R., Rasoamanana, A. & Jones, J. P. G., Mar 2016, In: Global Environmental Change. 37, p. 31-42
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedLivelihoods and Welfare Impacts of Forest Comanagement
  Chinangwa, L., Pullin, A. & Hockley, N., 2016, In: International Journal of Forestry Research. 2016, 12 p., 5847068.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedShared Values and Deliberative Valuation: Future Directions
  Kenter, J. O., Bryce, R., Christie, M., Cooper, N., Hockley, N., Irvine, K. N., Fazey, I., O'Brien, L., Orchard-Webb, J., Ravenscroft, N., Raymond, C. M., Reed, M. S., Tett, P. & Watson, V., Nov 2016, In: Ecosystem Services. 21, Part B, p. 358-371
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2015

• PublishedAlien invasions and livelihoods: Economic benefits of invasive Australian Red Claw crayfish in Jamaica
  Pienkowski, T., Williams, S., McLaren, K., Wilson, B. & Hockley, N., 21 Feb 2015, In: Ecological Economics. 112, p. 68-77
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedWhat are shared and social values of ecosystems?
  Kenter, J. O., O'Brien, L., Hockley, N., Ravenscroft, N., Fazey, I., Irvine, K. N., Reed, M. S., Christie, M., Brady, E., Bryce, R., Church, A., Cooper, N., Davies, A., Evely, A., Everard, M., Fish, R., Fisher, J. A., Jobstvogt, N., Molloy, C. & Orchard-Webb, J. & 4 others, Ranger, S., Ryan, M., Watson, V. & Williams, S., 6 Feb 2015, In: Ecological Economics. 111, p. 86-99
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2014

• PublishedCost–benefit analysis: a decision-support tool or a venue for contesting ecosystem knowledge?
  Hockley, N., 13 Mar 2014, In: Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy. 32, 2, p. 283-300
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedGoverning Ancestral Land in Madagascar: Have Policy Reforms Contributed to Social Justice?
  Andriamarovololona, M. M., Ferguson, B., Gardner, C. J., Andriamarovolonona, M. M., Healy, T., Muttenzer, F., Smith, S. M., Hockley, N., Gingembre, M., Sowman, M. (Editor) & Wynberg, R. (Editor), 11 Feb 2014, Governance for Justice and Environmental Sustainability: Lessons across Natural Resource Sectors in Sub-Saharan Africa. 2014 ed. Routledge, p. 63-93
  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter
• PublishedSustainable nutrient management at field, farm and regional level: Soil testing, nutrient budgets and the trade-off between lime application and greenhouse gas emissions
  Gibbons, J. M., Williamson, J. C., Williams, A. P., Withers, P. J., Hockley, N., Harris, I. A., Hughes, J. W., Taylor, R. L., Jones, D. L. & Healey, J. R., 15 Apr 2014, In: Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 188, p. 48-56
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedThe transfer of natural resource management rights to local communities
  Pollini, J., Hockley, N., Muttenzer, F. D., Ramamonjisoa, B. S. & Scales, I. R. (Editor), 6 Mar 2014, Conservation and Environmental Management in Madagascar. 2014 ed. Routledge, p. 172-192
  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter

2013

• PublishedHuman well-being impacts of terrestrial protected areas
  Pullin, A. S., Bangpan, M., Dalrymple, S., Dickson, K., Haddaway, N. R., Healey, J. R., Hauari, H., Hockley, N., Jones, J. P. G., Knight, T., Vigurs, C. & Oliver, S., 28 Oct 2013, In: Environmental Evidence. 2, p. article 19
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedNatural capital and ecosystem services, developing an appropriate soils framework as a basis for valuation
  Robinson, D. A., Hockley, N., Cooper, D. M., Emmett, B. A., Keith, A. M., Lebron, I., Reynolds, B., Tipping, E., Tye, A. M., Watts, C. W., Whalley, W. R., Black, H. I., Warren, G. P. & Robinson, J. S., 15 Mar 2013, In: Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 57, p. 1023-1033
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2012

• PublishedNatural Capital, Ecosystem Services, and Soil Change: Why Soil Science Must Embrace an Ecosystems Approach
  Robinson, D. A., Hockley, N., Dominati, E., Lebron, I., Scow, K. M., Reynolds, B., Emmett, B. A., Keith, A. M., de Jong, L. W., Schjønning, P., Moldrup, P., Jones, S. B. & Tuller, M., 1 Feb 2012, In: Vadose Zone Journal. 11, 1
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2011

• PublishedEconomics: Fallacy in costs of pollution control
  Hockley, N., 12 Oct 2011, In: Nature. 478, 7368
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2010

• PublishedLow repopulation of poor districts in New Orleans proves little.
  Hockley, N., 15 Sept 2010, In: Nature. 467, 7313, p. 271
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedNo shortcuts to prioritising conservation funding.
  Hockley, N., 1 Apr 2010, In: Biological Conservation. 143, 4, p. 825
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedWhat are Ecosystem Services and Natural Capital, and how does this apply to Soil Science?
  Robinson, D. A., Lebron, I., Reynolds, B. & Hockley, N., 1 Jan 2010.
  Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper

2009

• PublishedRisks of extreme heat and unpredictability
  Hockley, N., Gibbons, J. M., Edwards-Jones, G. & Battosti, D. S., 10 Apr 2009, In: Science. 324, 5924, p. 177-179
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2008

• PublishedTechnological progress must accelerate to reduce global footprint overshoot
  Hockley, N., Jones, J. P. G. & Gibbons, J. M., 1 Apr 2008, In: Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. 6, 3, p. 122-123
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedTesting the use of interviews as a tool for monitoring trends in the harvesting of wild species
  Jones, J. P. G., Andriamarovololona, M. M., Hockley, N., Gibbons, J. M. & Milner-Gulland, E. J., 28 Jun 2008, In: Journal of Applied Ecology. 45, 4, p. 1205-1212
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedThe importance of taboos and social norms to conservation in Madagascar.
  Jones, J. P. G., Andriamarovololona, M. M. & Hockley, N., 1 Aug 2008, In: Conservation Biology. 22, 4, p. 976-986
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2007

• PublishedMaximizing the efficiency of conservation.
  Hockley, N. J., Edwards-Jones, G. & Healey, J. R., 1 Jun 2007, In: Trends in Ecology and Evolution. 22, 6, p. 286-287
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedThe ecology and conservation status of Madagascar's endemic freshwater crayfish (Parastacidae; Astacoides).
  Jones, J. P. G., Andriahajaina, F. B., Hockley, N. J., Crandall, K. A. & Ravoahangimalala, O. R., 1 Sept 2007, In: Freshwater Biology. 52, 9, p. 1820-1833
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedThe economics of community forest management in Madagascar: is there a free lunch? An analysis of Transfert de Gestion.
  Hockley, N. & Andriamarovololona, M. M., 5 Jun 2007, Unknown.
  Research output: Book/Report › Commissioned report
• PublishedThe potential of native species aquaculture to achieve conservation objectives: freshwater crayfish in Madagascar
  Jones, J. P. G., Hockley, N. J. & Andriahajaina, F. B., 1 Dec 2007, In: International Journal of Biodiversity Science and Management. 3, 4, p. 217-222
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2006

• PublishedA social cost-benefit analysis of conserving the Ranomafana-Andringitra-Pic d'Ivohibe corridor in Madagascar.
  Hockley, N. & Razafindralambo, R., 1 Jan 2006, 2006 ed. Unknown.
  Research output: Book/Report › Commissioned report
• PublishedThe economic importance of freshwater crayfish harvesting in Madagascar and the potential of community-based conservation to improve management.
  Jones, J. P. G., Andriahajaina, F. B., Ranambinintsoa, E. H., Hockley, N. J. & Ravoahangimalala, O., 1 Apr 2006, In: Oryx. 40, 2, p. 168-175
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2005

• PublishedA multidisciplinary approach to assessing the sustainability of freshwater crayfish harvesting in Madagascar.
  Jones, J. P. G., Andriahajaina, F. B., Hockley, N. J., Balmford, A. & Ravoahangimalala, O., 1 Dec 2005, In: Conservation Biology. 19, 6, p. 1863-1871
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedDebt-for-nature swaps.
  Hockley, N., Groom, M. J. (Editor), Meffe, G. K. (Editor) & Carroll, C. R. (Editor), 1 Jan 2005, Principles of Conservation Biology. 2005 ed. Sinauer Associates Inc, p. 203-204
  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter
• PublishedWhen should communities and conservationists monitor exploited resources?
  Hockley, N. J., Jones, J. P. G., Andriahajaina, F. B., Manica, A., Ranambitsoa, E. H. & Randriamboahary, J. A., 1 Oct 2005, In: Biodiversity and Conservation. 14, 11, p. 2795-2806
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2004

• PublishedThe worldwide costs of marine protected areas.
  Balmford, A., Gravestock, P., Hockley, N., McClean, C. J. & Roberts, C. M., 29 Jun 2004, In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA. 101, 26, p. 9694-9697
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2003

• PublishedSize-correlated division of labour and spatial distribution of workers in the driver ant, Dorylus molestus.
  Braendle, C., Hockley, N., Brevig, T., Shingleton, A. W. & Keller, L., 1 Jun 2003, In: Naturwissenschaften. 90, 6, p. 277-281
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2024

• Reconceptualising conservation law enforcement in protected areas

  Urgency to save species from extinction has prompted increased investment in law enforcement in and around protected areas, with considerable conservation resource spent training enforcers and supporting efforts to increase detection, prosecution, and sanctioning. However, relatively little evidence for the effectiveness of these approaches exists, and in recent years, investments in conservation law enforcement have come under increasing scrutiny due to associations with human-right abuses. In response, there has been a shift amongst practitioner organisations, funders, and governments to embed rights-based approaches into protected area governance, with a specific focus on implementing social safe-guards to improve how laws are enforced. To date dominant models of law enforcement have focused on increasing the cost of offending and reducing opportunities for offending to occur. Yet, other models of enforcement highlight that procedural fairness, and the legitimacy of enforcers and the laws themselves, are important but overlooked factors which can influence compliance. This workshop will draw conservation practitioners and academics together to share expertise and explore the need, opportunities, and challenges of reconceptualising how laws are enforced around protected areas.

  22 Jul 2024 – 24 Jul 2024

  Activity: Participation in Academic workshop, seminar, course (Speaker)

• Assessing carbon credits as a sustainable funding mechanism for community based forest management in Tanzania

  01/11/2024 – 15/11/2027 (Active)

• FORWARDS - The ForestWard Observatory to Secure Resilience of European Forests

  01/11/2022 – 30/11/2027 (Active)

• Strengthening managers and local communities’ capacity for more resilient conservation

  01/05/2022 – 16/08/2024 (Finished)

• Reconciling protected areas and poverty alleviation in Madagascar

  01/04/2017 – 07/06/2018 (Finished)

• NEA Follow-up: Shared Values

  01/05/2012 – 01/08/2014 (Finished)

• Soil Protection Synthesis 1990-2008

  01/04/2010 – 09/06/2011 (Finished)

• Develpoment of an Indicator for the Range and Biodiversity of Wildlife in Wales - Part 2

  01/12/2009 – 31/07/2010 (Finished)

• Development of an indicator for the Range and Diversity of Wildlife in Wales

  23/02/2009 – 31/07/2010 (Finished)