Responsibilities within SENRGy/BU

• Course Director for MSc Conservation and Land Management (CLM)
• SENRGy Teaching Committee member
• SENRGy Ethics Committee member

Position: Senior Lecturer in the Environment

Office: Thoday Building, room S1

Email: paul.cross@bangor.ac.uk

Website: Conservation science group at Bangor

Twitter: https://twitter.com/BangorApis 

Tel: 01248 382991 (from U.K.), +44 1248 382991 (International)

Fax: 01248 354997 (from U.K.), +44 1248 354997 (International)

Research Students

Kata Wagner: The impact of beekeeping in the Tanzanian Miombo; understanding the beekeeper as a forest resource user. Ph.D.

Shareefa Sultan Hamad Alsalem: Effectiveness of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES).Ph.D

Jake Shearwood, Development of a miniature vibration energy harvester for battery-less tracking of honey bees. PhD.

Daisy Man Yuen Hung, Long-range bumble-bee and Asian Hornet telemetry through metal nanoparticle coating and harmonic radar detection. PhD.

Jessica Potts,  Evaluating the long-term impact of neonicotinoids on the trophic cascade. PhD.

Dylan Elen, Delineating protected honey-bee reserves at a regional scale. PhD.

Tom Oliver, Dispersal strategies and space use in pollinating bees. PhD.

• UAV tracking systems for pollinators
• Beekeeping as a poverty alleviation tool
• Bee morphometrics
• Zoonotic disease, with a particular focus on E. coli O157 and the evaluation of interventions.
• Choice-based modelling and its application to opinion elicitation.
• Estimating disease prevalence rates, illicit or illegal behaviours and drug use through the use of socio-economic methodologies.

Current or Recent Projects

2017. UAV tracking system for pollinators: Agri-Tech China Newton Network+ 

2014. Sources, Seasonality, Transmission and Control: Campylobacter and human behaviour in a changing environment: Identifying poultry supply chain knowledge gaps. RCUK

2014. A Systematic and Participatory Review of Research on the Impact of Agriculture on Water Quality in Ireland. Irish EPA.

2014. Glastir Efficiency Scheme (Carbon footprints of livestock farms). Welsh Govt.

2014. Glastir Efficiency Scheme (Socio-econ study of the wider benefits of GES). Welsh Govt.

2010: Estimating bird crime prevalence rates using three novel techniques. British Academy.

2009: The prevalence of non-treatment of sheep scab in Wales and the economic cost to the livestock industry, Welsh Assembly Government.

2009: Raising awareness about food-borne pathogens in Wales. Local Authority and Research Council Initiative (LARCI).

2008: Food-borne Pathogen knowledge transfer. ESRC.

2008-2010: Reducing Escherichia coli O157 risk in rural communities. RES-229-25-0012. RELU.

2023

• E-pub ahead of printA Machine Learning Integrated 5.8-GHz Continuous-Wave Radar for Honeybee Monitoring and Behavior Classification
  Aldabashi, N., Morton Williams, S., Eltokhy, A., Palmer, E., Cross, P. & Palego, C., 6 Mar 2023, (E-pub ahead of print) In: IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques. 11 p.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedEcological intensification measures to improve productivity and decrease nitrogen surplus in wheat-maize/watermelon intercropping system
  Chen, Y., Yang, X., Zhang, Y., Xu, Z., Cross, P. & Zhang, C., 17 Feb 2023, In: International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology. 30, 2, p. 140-151 12 p.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2022

• PublishedA comparison of machine-learning assisted optical and thermal camera systems for beehive activity counting
  Morton Williams, S., Bariselli, S., Palego, C., Holland, R. & Cross, P., 1 Dec 2022, In: Smart Agricultural Technology. 2, 100038.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedAcetamiprid fate in a sandy loam with contrasting soil organic matter contents: A comparison of the degradation, sorption and leaching of commercial neonicotinoid formulations: A comparison of the degradation, sorption and leaching of commercial neonicotinoid formulations
  Potts, J., Jones, D. L., Macdonald, A., Ma, Q. & Cross, P., 10 Oct 2022, In: Science of the Total Environment. 842, p. 156711 156711.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedInsect Collision Detection Using Machine Learning with Correlation to Climatic Conditions
  David, T., Jones, M., Cross, P. & Palego, C., 6 Jun 2022, 202022 IEEE International Conference on Evolving and Adaptive Intelligent Systems (EAIS). IEEE, 5 p. (IEEE International Conference on Evolving and Adaptive Intelligent Systems (EAIS)).
  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Other chapter contribution › peer-review

2021

• PublishedC-Band Telemetry of Insect Pollinators Using a Miniature Transmitter and a Self-Piloted Drone
  Shearwood, J., Aldabashi, N., Eltokhy, A., Franklin, E., Raine, N., Zhang, C., Palmer, E., Cross, P. & Palego, C., Jan 2021, In: IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques. 69, 1, p. 938-946
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedEarly prediction of bumblebee flight task using machine learning
  Morton Williams, S., Aldabashi, N., Palego, C., Woodgate, J., Makinson, J. & Cross, P., 1 May 2021, In: Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 184, 11 p., 106065.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedIntegration of 5.8GHz Doppler Radar and Machine Learning for Automated Honeybee Hive Surveillance and Logging
  Aldabashi, N., Williams, S., Eltokhy, A., Palmer, E., Cross, P. & Palego, C., 27 Oct 2021, 2021 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS). IEEE
  Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review
• PublishedInvestigating awareness, fear and control associated with norovirus and other pathogens and pollutants using best–worst scaling
  Farkas, K., Green, E., Rigby, D., Cross, P., Tyrrel, S., Malham, S. & Jones, D. L., 27 May 2021, In: Scientific Reports. 11, 1, 11 p., 11194.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedRecalibrating Risk: Implications of squirrelpox virus for successful red squirrel translocations within mainland UK
  Shuttleworth, C., Brady, D., Cross, P., Gardner, L., Greenwood, A., Jackson, N., McKinney, C., Robinson, N., Trotter, S., Valle, S., Wood, K. & Hayward, M., Feb 2021, In: Conservation Science and Practice. 3, 2, e321.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedThe Effects of Co-Enzyme Q10 and Caffeine on Morphometric Characteristics of Queen Honey Bees
  Okuyan, S. & Cross, P., Feb 2021, In: Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology (TURJAF). 9, 2, p. 321-325
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2019

• PublishedEstimating greenhouse gases emissions from horticultural peat soils using a DNDC modelling approach
  Taft, H. E., Cross, P. A., Hastings, A., Yeluripati, J. & Jones, D. L., 1 Mar 2019, In: Journal of Environmental Management. 233, p. 681-694 14 p.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedEstimating the potential of beekeeping to alleviate household poverty in rural Uganda
  Amulen, D. R., D’Haese, M., D'Haene, E., Okwee Acai, J., Agea, J. G., Smagghe, G. & Cross, P., 27 Mar 2019, In: PLoS ONE. 14, 3, p. e0214113
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedReintroducing rewilding to restoration – Rejecting the search for novelty
  Hayward, M. W., Scanlon, R. J., Callen, A., Howell, L. G., Klop-Toker, K. L., Di Blanco, Y., Balkenhol, N., Bugir, C. K., Campbell, L., Caravaggi, A., Chalmers, A. C., Clulow, J., Clulow, S., Cross, P., Gould, J. A., Griffin, A. S., Heurich, M., Howe, B. K., Jachowski, D. S., Jhala, Y. V., Krishnamurthy, R., Kowalczyk, R., Lenga, D. J., Linnell, J. D. C., Marnewick, K. A., Moehrenschlager, A., Montgomery, R. A., Osipova, L., Peneaux, C., Rodger, J. C., Sales, L. P., Seeto, R. G. Y., Shuttleworth, C. M., Somers, M. J., Tamessar, C. T., Upton, R. M. O. & Weise, F. J., 1 May 2019, In: Biological Conservation. 233, p. 255-259 5 p.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedSticky business - Why do beekeepers keep bees and what makes them successful in Tanzania?
  Wagner, K., Meilby, H. & Cross, P., 1 Feb 2019, In: Journal of Rural Studies. 66, p. 52-66 15 p.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2018

• PublishedEfficacy of mitigation measures for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from intensively cultivated peatlands
  Taft, H., Cross, P. & Jones, D. L., Dec 2018, In: Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 127, p. 10-21
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedHoney-Bee Localization Using an Energy Harvesting Device and Power Based Angle of Arrival Estimation: 2018 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS
  Shearwood, J., Hung, D. M. Y., Cross, P., Preston, S. & Palego, C., 2018, In: IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS. p. 957-960 4 p.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Conference article › peer-review

2017

• PublishedEnergy harvesting devices for honey bee health monitoring
  Shearwood, J., Hung, D., Palego, C. & Cross, P., Sep 2017.
  Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper › peer-review
• PublishedEnvironmental contaminants of honeybee products in Uganda detected using LC-MS/MS and GC-ECD
  Amulen, D. R., Spanoghe, P., Houbraken, M., Tamale, A., de Graaf, D. C., Cross, P. & Smagghe, G., 1 Jun 2017, In: PLoS ONE. 12, 6, p. e0178546
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedEstimating the prevalence of food risk increasing behaviours in UK kitchens
  Jones, A. K., Cross, P., Burton, M., Millman, C., O’Brien, S. J. & Rigby, D., 28 Jun 2017, In: PLoS ONE. 12, 6, p. e0175816
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedGreenhouse gas emissions from intensively managed peat soils in an arable production system
  Taft, H., Cross, P., Edwards-Jones, G., Moorhouse, E. R. & Jones, D., 16 Jan 2017, In: Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 237, p. 162 172 p.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedThe buzz about bees and poverty alleviation: Identifying drivers and barriers of beekeeping in sub-Saharan Africa
  Amulen, D. R., D’Haese, M., Ahikiriza, E., Agea, J. G., Jacobs, F. J., de Graaf, D. C., Smagghe, G. & Cross, P., 24 Feb 2017, In: PLoS ONE. 12, 2, p. e0172820
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2016

• PublishedRestaurant Cooking Trends and Increased Risk for Campylobacter Infection
  ENIGMA Consortium, 1 Jul 2016, In: Emerging Infectious Diseases. 22, 7
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2015

• PublishedCan macrophyte harvesting from eutrophic water close the loop on nutrient loss from agricultural land?
  Quilliam, R. S., van Niekerk, M. A., Chadwick, D. R., Cross, P., Hanley, N., Jones, D. L., Vinten, A. J., Willby, N. & Oliver, D. M., 7 Feb 2015, In: Journal of Environmental Management. 152, p. 210-217
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedDeveloping farm-specific marginal abatement cost curves: Cost-effective greenhouse gas mitigation opportunities in sheep farming systems
  Jones, A. K., Jones, D. L. & Cross, P., 12 Sep 2015, In: Land Use Policy. 49, p. 394-403
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedIdentifying suitable queen rearing sites of Apis mellifera mellifera at a regional scale using morphometrics
  Keller, E. M., Harris, I. & Cross, P., 2 Apr 2015, In: Journal of Apicultural Research. 53, 2
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2014

• PublishedThe carbon footprint of UK sheep production: current knowledge and opportunities for reduction in temperate zones
  Jones, A. K., Jones, D. L. & Cross, P., Apr 2014, In: Journal of Agricultural Science. 152, 2, p. 288-308
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedThe carbon footprint of lamb: Sources of variation and opportunities for mitigation
  Jones, A. K., Jones, D. L. & Cross, P., 1 Jan 2014, In: Agricultural Systems. 123, p. 97-107
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2013

• PublishedInforming decision making in agricultural greenhouse gas mitigation policy: A Best-Worst Scaling survey of expert and farmer opinion in the sheep industry
  Jones, A. K., Jones, D., Edwards-Jones, G. & Cross, P., May 2013, In: Environmental Science and Policy. 29, p. 46-56
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedInnovative Techniques for Estimating Illegal Activities in a Human-Wildlife-Management Conflict
  Cross, P., St. John, F. A. V., Khan, S. & Petroczi, A., 16 Jan 2013, In: PLoS ONE. 8, 1, p. e53681
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedNutrient stripping: the global disparity between food security and soil nutrient stocks
  Jones, D. L., Cross, P., Withers, P., DeLuca, T., Quilliam, R., Harris, I., Chadwick, D. & Edwards-Jones, G., 8 May 2013, In: Journal of Applied Ecology. 50, p. 851-862
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review
• PublishedSubclinical infection and asymptomatic carriage of gastrointestinal zoonoses: occupational exposure, environmental pathways, and the anonymous spread of disease
  Quilliam, R. S., Cross, P., Williams, A. P., Edwards-Jones, G., Salmon, R. L., Rigby, D., Chalmers, R. M., Thomas, D. R. & Jones, D. L., 1 Oct 2013, In: Epidemiology and Infection. 141, 10, p. 2011-2021
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review
• PublishedThe role of the natural environment in the emergence of antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria
  Wellington, E. M., Boxall, A. B., Cross, P., Feil, E. J., Gaze, W. H., Hawkey, P. M., Johnson-Rollings, A. S., Jones, D. L., Otten, W., Thomas, C. M. & Williams, A. P., 1 Feb 2013, In: Lancet Infectious Diseases. 13, 2, p. 155-165
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2012

• PublishedCombining risk assessment and epidemiological risk factors to elucidate the sources of human E. coli O157 infection
  Rotariu, O., Ogden, I. D., MacRitchie, L., Forbes, K. J., Williams, A. P., Cross, P., Hunter, C. J., Teunis, P. F. & Strachan, N. J., 1 Sep 2012, In: Epidemiology and Infection. 140, 08, p. 1414-1429
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedEliciting expert opinion on the effectiveness and practicality of interventions in the farm and rural environment to reduce human exposure to Escherichia coli O157
  Cross, P., Rigby, D. & Edwards-Jones, G., 1 Apr 2012, In: Epidemiology and Infection. 140, *04), p. 643-654
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedPesticide hazard trends in orchard fruit production in Great Britain from 1992 to 2008: a time-series analysis
  Cross, P., 22 Nov 2012, In: Pest Management Science.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedQuantitative analysis of mephedrone using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy: Application to human hair
  Shah, S. A., Deshmukh, N. I., Barker, J., Petróczi, A., Cross, P., Archer, R. & Naughton, D. P., 5 Mar 2012, In: Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis. 61, p. 64-69
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2011

• PublishedEscherichia coli O157: comparing awareness of rural residents and visitors in livestock farming areas
  Jones, C. D., Hunter, C., Williams, A. P., Strachan, N. J. & Cross, P., 7 Jan 2011, In: Epidemiology and Infection. 139, 10, p. 1522-1530
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedNew non-randomised model to assess the prevalence of discriminating behaviour: a pilot study on mephedrone.
  Petroczi, A., Nepusz, T., Cross, P., Taft, H., Shah, S., Deshmukh, N., Schaffer, J., Shane, M., Adesanwo, C., Barker, J. & Naughton, D. P., 3 Aug 2011, In: Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy. 6, p. 20
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedProvisioning Services.
  Edwards-Jones, G., Cross, P. A., Harris, I., Le Vay, L., Rayment, M., Scowen, M. & Waller, P., 1 Jan 2011, 2011 ed. UK National Ecosystem Assessment.
  Research output: Book/Report › Commissioned report
• PublishedThe relationship between lay and technical views of Escherichia coli O157 risk.
  Strachan, N. J., Hunter, C. J., Jones, C. D., Wilson, R. S., Ethelberg, S., Cross, P., Williams, A. P., MacRitchie, L., Rotariu, O. & Chadwick, D., 12 Jul 2011, In: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 366, 1573, p. 1999-2009
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedVariation in pesticide hazard from arable crop production in Great Britain from 1992 to 2008: An extended time-series analysis
  Cross, P. A. & Edwards-Jones, G., 1 Dec 2011, In: Crop Protection. 30, 12, p. 1579-1585
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2010

• PublishedThe prevalence of non-treatment of sheep scab in Wales and the economic cost to the livestock industry: Final Report.
  Cross, P., Edwards-Jones, G., Omed, H. M. & Williams, A. P., 1 Jan 2010, 2010 ed. Unknown.
  Research output: Book/Report › Commissioned report
• PublishedUse of a Randomized Response Technique to obtain sensitive information on animal disease prevalence
  Cross, P., Edwards-Jones, G., Omed, H. & Williams, A. P., 1 Jan 2010, In: Preventive Veterinary Medicine. 96, 3-4, p. 252-262
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2009

• PublishedCommunication of bluetongue mitigation techniques.
  Cross, P., Williams, P. & Edwards-Jones, G., 21 Nov 2009, In: Veterinary Record. 165, 21, p. 636
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedDifferences in the perceptions of farmers and veterinary surgeons about the efficacy of mitigation strategies for controlling bluetongue.
  Cross, P., Williams, A. P. & Edwards-Jones, G., 3 Oct 2009, In: Veterinary Record. 165, 14, p. 397-403
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedDoes farm worker health vary between localised and globalised food supply systems?
  Cross, P., Edwards, R. T., Opondo, M., Nyeko, P. & Edwards-Jones, G., 1 Oct 2009, In: Environment International. 35, 7, p. 1004-1014
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedThe Potential Impact on Farmer Health of Enhanced Export Horticultural Trade between the UK and Uganda.
  Cross, P., Edwards, R. T., Nyeko, P. & Edwards-Jones, G., 28 Apr 2009, In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 6, 5, p. 1539-1556
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2008

• PublishedComparative assessment of migrant farm worker health in conventional and organic horticultural systems in the United Kingdom.
  Cross, P., Edwards, R. T., Hounsome, B. & Edwards-Jones, G., 25 Feb 2008, In: Science of the Total Environment. 391, 1, p. 55-65
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedReducing Escherichia coli O157 risk in rural communities
  Gordon, H., Roberts, J., Wossink, A., Jones, C., Hunter, C., Chadwick, D., Ogden, I., Jones, D., Rotariu, O., Strachan, N., Erdem, S., Rigby, D., Farrington, J., Teunis, P., Kosmider, R., Williams, P., Cross, P. & Killham, K., 1 Jan 2008, In: SAC-SEPA Proceedings: Agriculture in a Changing Environment.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedTesting the assertion that 'local food is best': the challenges of an evidence-based approach
  Edwards-Jones, G., Canals, L. M., Hounsome, N., Truninger, M., Koerber, G., Hounsome, B., Cross, P., York, E., Hospido, A., Plassmann, K., Harris, I. M., Edwards, R. T., Day, G., Tomos, D., Cowell, S. J. & Jones, D., 1 May 2008, In: Trends in Food Science and Technology. 19, 5, p. 265-274
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2007

• PublishedDoes farm worker health differ between conventional and organic horticultural systems?
  Cross, P. A., Edwards-Jones, G. & Edwards, R. T., 1 Jan 2007, p. 130-131.
  Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper

2006

• PublishedVariation in pesticide hazard from arable crop production in Great Britain from 1992 to 2002: pesticide risk indices and policy analysis.
  Cross, P. & Edwards-Jones, G., 1 Oct 2006, In: Crop Protection. 25, 10, p. 1101-1108
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedVariation in pesticide hazard from vegetable production in Great Britain from 1991 to 2003
  Cross, P. & Edwards-Jones, G., 1 Nov 2006, In: Pest Management Science. 62, 11, p. 1058-1064
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2003

• PublishedThe Butterflies of Wondo Genet: An Introduction to the Butterflies of Ethiopia
  Cross, P., 2003, Ethiopia: Wondo Genet College of Forestry. 131 p.
  Research output: Book/Report › Book

2019

• Bee tracking (KESS2 project) at Henfaes University farm featured in BBC segment

  Bee tracking (KESS2 project) at Henfaes University farm featured in BBC segment

  3 Feb 2019

  Links:

  • https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p06ynbwj
  Activity: Types of Public engagement and outreach - Festival/Exhibition (Contributor)

2018

• BBC Countryfile

  Bee tracking (KESS2 project) at Henfaes University farm featured in BBC Countryfile

  26 Aug 2018

  Activity: Oral presentation (Speaker)

2017

• Bee backpacks help scientists track and research movements

  Spring Wise article

  Sep 2017 →

  Links:

  • https://www.springwise.com/bee-backpacks-help-scientists-track-research-movements/
  Activity: Types of Public engagement and outreach - Media article or participation (Contributor)
• Developing new long-range micro backpacks for bees

  Update on a a project to develop a new means of tracking bees in the landscape is progressing well according to scientists at Bangor University.

  31 Aug 2017

  Links:

  • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WZRJP8LBydM
  Activity: Types of Public engagement and outreach - Media article or participation (Contributor)

• KESS II Phd with Welsh Government - BUK2E001

  07/08/2019 – 06/08/2023 (Active)

• Validation of a novel insect pollinator tracking device prototype in Chinese agricultural systems

  01/06/2018 – 01/08/2019 (Finished)

• KESS II MRes with South Clwyd and Flintshire Beekepers Association - BUK2103

  01/01/2017 – 31/01/2018 (Finished)

• Does beekeeping alleviate poverty? Productive conservation in LDC

  01/11/2014 – 20/07/2018 (Finished)

• Development of a radio telemetry transmitter for honey bees

  05/08/2014 – 30/06/2015 (Finished)

• Sources,Seasonality,Transmission and Control: Campylobacter and human behaviour

  01/06/2014 – 01/08/2019 (Finished)

• Environmental Impact Quotient (EIQ) study

  01/09/2012 – 28/02/2013 (Finished)

• Estimating bird crime prevalence rates using three novel techniques

  01/06/2010 – 01/08/2019 (Finished)