Location: Room 205, Environment Centre Wales, School of Environmental & Natural Sciences, Bangor University

Email: a.r.smith@bangor.ac.uk

Phone:+44 (0)1248 382297

Web: LinkedIn, ResearchGate, GoogleScholar, ResearcherID, PlumX

I research and teach forest ecology, biogeochemistry and plant-soil interactions with emphasis on species diversity and ecosystem function in undisturbed and managed ecosystems. I'm particlarly interested in belowground processes and the study of root biology, mycorrhizal symbiosis, and biogeochemical cycling; subjects that I have researched in a variety of climate change manipulation experiments that include elevated CO₂ and climatic extremes (via altered precipitation and temperature regimes) in forest and upland ecosystems. I previously held the positions of Climate Change Impact Scientist at NERCs Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (2011-2013), and postdoctoral researcher at Bangor University (2010-2011). In my early career at the Medical Research Council, Cambridge and Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge I focused on the development of novel molecular and bioinformatics techniques for the nematode (Caenorhabiditis elegans) and human genome sequencing projects.

I co-direct, with Prof Lui Shuguang, research activities at the Bangor University-Central South University of Forestry and Technology Joint Research Centre in Changsha, Hunan Province, China. I'm the PI of the forest diversity experiment (BangorDiverse) based at the Henfaes Research Centre, Abergwyngregyn that investigates the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem function. BangorDiverse is part of the largest network (TreeDivNet) of biodviersity experiments worldwide, and was established in 2004 with 92 plots of alder (Alnus glutinosa L.), birch (Betula pendula Roth.), beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.), sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.), chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.), and oak (Quercus robur L.) planted in monoculture, and two and three species mixtures using a fully replicated (n=4) design. I also manage and conducted research on silvopastoral agroforestry at the Henfaes Research Centre that focuses on the role agroforestry has in sustainably delivering food security whilst maintaining ecological complexity and the provision of ecosystem services (public goods).

I lead the nutrient manipulation work package of the large (£3.7M) NERC project (QUINTUS) an investigation of N & P stoichiometry in temperate forests exposed to ambient and elevated atmospheric CO₂ at the BIFoR FACE facility. I am a Co-I on the UKRI Treescapes project Understanding Memory of UK Treescapes for Better Resilience and Adaptation (MEMBRA) that is investigating abiotic and biotic stress induced epigenetic changes in trees and whether these changes are passed on to future generations. I am PI of the Tree Production Innovation Fund project Development of Regenerative Tree Nursery Practice (2023-2025) that is investigating the use of municipal green waste as sustainable source of organic matter for compost use in horticulture. I Co-PI of the BU-Impact and Innovation Award project WINDFIRM investigating the imnpact of tree nursery practice of root morphology. I was the PI of the Sêr Cymru NRN-LCEE research cluster Multi-Land that researched the evidence-base around Enhancement of Agricultural Productivity and Ecosystem Service Resilience in Multifunctional Landscapes and Co-I of the ASPEN: Autonomous Systems for Forest ProtEctioN project (2023-2024).

Research Areas:

• Forestry
• Environmental and Soil Science
• Crops and Livestock

Teaching

Module organiser

• DXX-3212 (Level 6) Forest Ecosystems
• DXX-3016 (Level 6) Forest Ecosystems & Services
• ENS-4317 (Level 7) Forest Ecosystems

PhD Student Supervision

Katrin Schmidt "The effectiveness of biosensors in the detection of woody plant pests and diseases", NERC-PhD, 2024-2028.

Daniel Iddon "Woodland Soil - Fungal dominance in early stage woodland development", Self-funded PhD, 2024-2028.

Matilda Edwards "Establishing the relative importance of a rainforest microcosm in oil palm plantations", NERC-PhD, 2023-2027.

Jack Atkin-Willoughby "Restoring for a resilient future: Woodland community assembly trajectories in the face of multiple stressors", NERC-PhD, 2022-2026.

Matt Cooper "Investigating the potential of forested lands for natural flood management in Wales", KESS-PhD, 2020-2024.

Daniel Fishburn "Breaking down the effect of UV light on litter decomposition: a study of carbon cycling along a tropical forest humidity gradient", NERC-PhD, 2019-2024. [completed]

Sam Hollick “Optimising landscape shelterbelts to sustainably increase farm livestock productivity and build resilience to extreme events”, KESS-PhD, 2019-2024.

Anastasia Atucha “Identifying genetic markers for frost resistance in Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis)”, KESS-PhD, 2017-2021 [completed].

Bid Webb “Investigating the impact of shelterbelts and livestock behaviour on landscape hydrology and biogeochemistry”, NRN-PhD, 2016-2021. [completed]

Charlotte Pritchard "Improving the efficiency of sheep production through environmental management”, KESS-MRes, 2018-2020. [completed]

Tim Peters “Investigating the role of soil microbes and rhizodeposition in C cycling and long-term C sequestration of forest ecosystems”, NERC-PhD, 2015-2020. [completed]

Anna Gunina “Understanding the role of rhizosphere hotspots and their ecological relevance for processes in forest soils.” FONASO-PhD, 2014-2017.[completed]

Steven Conway "Characterisation of small upland catchments and their impact on flood flows" KESS-MRes, 2014-2015. [completed]

Relena Ribbons “Forests & Soils: Interactions between trees species and nutrient cycling in pure and mixed species stands”, FONASO-PhD, 2013-2016. [completed]

Emma Brown “Evaluating fine-scale, spatial and temporal controls on fluxes of greenhouse gases from natural and managed peatlands”, NERC-PhD, 2013-2016. [completed]

I welcome enquiries from high-calibre prospective PhD students with, or attempting to obtain, funding.

2025

• PublishedNitrogen uptake strategies of coexisting plant species in forest ecosystems of northeast China: implications for afforestation
  Gao, L., Smith, A., Geng, B., Liu, B., Li, X., Jia, S. & Jones, D. L., 15 Feb 2025, In: Forest Ecology and Management. 578, 122481.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• E-pub ahead of printTree diversity affects temperature sensitivity of soil organic matter decomposition in rhizosphere
  Gao, F., Gao, D., Ning, C., Liu, S., Kuzyakov, Y., Smith, A. & Yan, W., 15 Apr 2025, (E-pub ahead of print) In: Plant and Soil.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2024

• PublishedAboveground carbon sequestration of Cunninghamia lanceolata forests: Magnitude and drivers
  Wang, C., Liu, S., Zhu, Y., Smith, A., Ning, Y. & Deng, D., 24 Jan 2024, In: Forest Ecosystems. 100165.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedDaily germination rates of temperate tree species’ seed under elevated ozone fumigation
  Atkin-Willoughby, J. (Other), Smith, A. (Other), Peters, T. (Other) & Wang, Z. (Other), 2 Oct 2024
  Research output: Non-textual form › Data set/Database
• PublishedEnhanced woody biomass production in a mature temperate forest under elevated CO2
  Norby, R. J., Loader, N., Mayoral, C., Ullah, S., Curioni, G., Smith, A., Reay, M. K., van Wijngaarden, K., Amjad, M. S., Brettle, D., Crockatt, M. E., Denny, G., Grzesik, R. T., Hamilton, R. L., Hart, K. M., Hartley, I. P., Jones, A. G., Kourmouli, A., Larsen, J. R., Shi, Z., Thomas, R. M. & MacKenzie, A. R., 1 Sept 2024, In: Nature Climate Change. 14, 9, p. 983-988 6 p.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedHeterogeneity of phosphorus sources invokes distinct niche partitioning pathways of ectomycorrhizal fungi in forest soils
  Lin, X., Ning, C., Liu, T., Gao, D., Smith, A., Yan, W. & Liu, S., 1 Jul 2024, In: Soil Biology and Biochemistry.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedRespiration and carbon use efficiency characteristics of soluble protein-derived carbon by soil microorganisms: A case study at afforested sites
  Gao, L., Smith, A., Jones, D. L., Lui, B., Guo, Y., Cui, X. & Hill, P., 1 Jan 2024, In: Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 109255.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedResponse of soil micro-food web to nutrient limitation along a subtropical forest restoration
  Gao, D., Liu, S., Gao, F., Ning, C., Wu, X., Yan, W. & Smith, A., 20 Jan 2024, In: Science of the Total Environment. 909, 168349, 168349.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2023

• PublishedDrought-related mortality modifies mixing effects on light absorption and growth in mono-specific and mixed stands of Fagus sylvatica, Alnus glutinosa and Betula pendula.
  Plaga, B., Bauhus, J., Smith, A., Gonzalez Pereira, M. & Forrester, D., 23 Oct 2023, In: Forestry. 97, 3, p. 401-413 13 p.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedDynamic multi-dimensional scaling of 30+ year evolution of Chinese urban systems: patterns and performance
  Ning, Y., Liu, S., Smith, A., Qiu, Y., Gao, H., Yuan, W., Lu, Y., Yuan, W. & Feng, S., 10 Mar 2023, In: Science of the Total Environment. 863, 160705.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedEvaluation of machine learning methods and multi-source remote sensing data combinations to construct forest above-ground biomass models
  Yan, X., Li, J., Smith, A., Yang, D., Ma, T., Su, Y. & Shao, J., 1 Nov 2023, In: International Journal of Digital Earth. 16, 2, p. 4471-4491 21 p., 4471-4491.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedHorizontal viewsheds of large herbivores as a function of woodland structure
  Gresham, A., Healey, J., Eichhorn, M., Barton, O., Smith, A. & Shannon, G., 9 Nov 2023, In: Ecology and Evolution. 13, 11
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedHow do tree species with different successional stages affect soil organic nitrogen transformations?
  Gao, L., Smith, A., Jones, D. L., Guo, Y., Lui, B., Guo, Z., Chunnan, F., Zheng, J., Cui, X. & Hill, P., 1 Feb 2023, In: Geoderma. 430, 116319
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedLong-term satellite observations show continuous increase of vegetation growth enhancement in urban environment
  Peng, X., Jiang, S., Liu, S., Valbuena, R., Smith, A., Zhan, Y., Shi, Y., Ning, Y., Feng, S., Gao, H. & Wang, Z., 10 Nov 2023, In: Science of the Total Environment. 898, 165515.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedRapid land cover classification using a 36-year time series of multi-source remote sensing data
  Yan, X., Li, J., Smith, A., Yang, D., Ma, T. & Su, Y., Dec 2023, In: Land. 12, 12, 2149.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2022

• PublishedHow effective are biochemical methods in controlling Phytophthora species infection of temperate trees? A systematic review.
  Walton, A. & Smith, A., Jul 2022, In: Arboricultural Journal. 44, 3, p. 140-162
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedLong term drought and warming alter soil bacterial and fungal communities in an upland heathland
  Seaton, F., Reinsch, S., Goodall, T., White, N., Jones, D. L., Griffiths, R., Creer, S., Smith, A., Emmett, B. A. & Robinson, D. A., Sept 2022, In: Ecosystems. 25, 6, p. 1279-1294 16 p.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedMicroclimate drives shelter-seeking behaviour in lambing ewes
  Atkin-Willoughby, J., Hollick, S., Pritchard, C., Williams, P., Davies, P., Jones, D. & Smith, A., 12 Dec 2022, In: Forests. 13, 12, p. 2133
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedRoots and rhizospheric soil microbial community responses to tree species mixtures.
  Ribbons, R., Del Toro, I., Smith, A., Healey, J., Vesterdal, L. & McDonald, M., Aug 2022, In: Applied Soil Ecology. 176, 104509.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedTree diversity effects on soil microbial biomass and respiration are context dependent across forest diversity experiments
  Cesarz, S., Craven, D., Auge, H., Bruelheide, H., Castagneyrol, B., Gutknecht, J., Hector, A., Jactel, H., Koricheva, J., Messier, C., Muys, B., O'Brien, M. J., Paquette, A., Ponette, Q., Potvin, C., Reich, P., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Smith, A., Verheyen, K. & Eisenhauer, N., May 2022, In: Global Ecology and Biogeography. 31, 5, p. 872-885
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedVariation in root morphology amongst tree species influences soil hydraulic conductivity and macroporosity
  Webb, B., Robinson, D., Marshall, M., Ford, H., Pagella, T., Healey, J. & Smith, A., 1 Nov 2022, In: Geoderma. 425, 116057.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2021

• PublishedGlobal analysis of the relationship between reconstructed solar induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) and gross primary production (GPP)
  Gao, H., Liu, S., Lu, W., Smith, A., Valbuena, R., Yan, W., Wang, Z., Xiao, L., Peng, X., Li, Q., Feng, Y., McDonald, M., Pagella, T., Liao, J., Wu, Z. & Zhang, G., 18 Jul 2021, In: Remote Sensing. 13, 14
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedHedgerow effects on CO2 emissions are regulated by soil type and season: implications for carbon flux dynamics in livestock-grazed pasture
  Ford, H., Healey, J., Webb, B., Pagella, T. & Smith, A., 15 Jan 2021, In: Geoderma. 382, 114697.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedInfluence of landscape features on urban land surface temperature: scale and neighborhood effects
  Shi, Y., Liu, S., Yan, W., Zhao, S., Ning, Y., Peng, X., Chen, W., Chen, L., Hu, X., Fu, B., Kennedy, R., Lv, Y., Liao, J., Peng, C., Rosa, I., Roy, D., Shen, S., Smith, A., Wang, C., Wang, Z., Xiao, L., Yang, L., Yuan, W., Yi, M., Zhang, H., Zhao, M., Zhu, Y. & Xiao, J., 1 Jun 2021, In: Science of the Total Environment. 771, 145381.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedMethods for Measuring Frost Tolerance of Conifers: A Systematic Map
  Atucha Zamkova, A.-A., Steele, K. & Smith, A., 16 Aug 2021, In: Forests.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedModelling the impact of climate change on the occurrence of frost damage in Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) in Great Britain
  Atucha Zamkova, A.-A., Steele, K. & Smith, A., Dec 2021, In: Forestry. 94, 5, p. 664-676 13 p.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedRole of forested land for natural flood management in the UK: A review
  Cooper, M., Patil, S., Nisbet, T., Thomas, H., Smith, A. & McDonald, M., Sept 2021, In: Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water. 8, 5, e1541.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review
• PublishedSpatial behaviour of sheep during the neonatal period: Preliminary study on the influence of shelter
  Pritchard, C., Williams, P., Davies, P., Jones, D. & Smith, A., 1 Jul 2021, In: Animal. 15, 7, 100252.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedTrace element composition of tree fodder and potential nutritional use for livestock
  Kendall, N., Smith, J., Whistance, L., Stergiadis, S., Stoate, C., Chesshire, H. & Smith, A., Aug 2021, In: Livestock Science. 250, 104560.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2020

• PublishedA Modified KNN Method for Mapping the Leaf Area Index in Arid and Semi-Arid Areas of China
  Jiang, F., Smith, A., Kutia, M., Wang, G., Liu, H. & Sun, H., 10 Jun 2020, In: Remote Sensing. 12, 11, 24 p., 1884.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedEnvironment and Rural Affairs Monitoring & Modelling Programme (ERAMMP): ERAMMP Report-32: National Forest in Wales - Evidence Review. Report to Welsh Government (Contract C210/2016/2017)
  Beauchamp, K., Jenkins, T., Alison, J., Bathgate, S., Bell, C., Braban, C. F., Broome, A., Bursnell, M., Burton, V., Dickie, I. A., Doick, K. J., Evans, C. D., Fitch, A., Griffiths, R., Hall, C., Healey, J., Jones, L., Keith, A. M., Kerr, G., Kuyer, J., Maskell, L. C., Matthews, R. W., Morison, J., Nicoll, B., Nisbet, T., O'Brien, L., Old, G. H., Pagella, T., Perks, M. P., Robinson, D. A., Saraev, V., Smart, S. M., Smith, A., Siriwardena, G. M., Swetnam, R. D., Thomas, A. R. C., Tye, A., Valatin, G., Warren-Thomas, E., Wong, J. & Emmett, B. A., 28 Aug 2020, 46 p. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology .
  Research output: Other contribution
• PublishedEnvironment and Rural Affairs Monitoring & Modelling Programme (ERAMMP). ERAMMP Report-37: National Forest in Wales - Evidence Review Annex-5: Ecosystem Services. Report to Welsh Government (Contract C210/2016/2017)
  Beauchamp, K., O'Brien, L., Hall, C., Swetnam, R. D., Jenkins, T., Doick, K. J., Nisbet, T., Old, G. H., Evans, C. D., Nicoll, B., Jones, L., Braban, C. F., Robinson, D. A., Burton, V., Dickie, I. A., Tye, A., Smith, A., Pagella, T. & Perks, M. P., 28 Aug 2020, 90 p. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology .
  Research output: Other contribution
• PublishedTraits of dominant species and soil properties co -regulate soil microbial communities across land restoration types in a subtropical plateau region of Southwest China
  University, Y., China, K., Duan, C., Smith, A. R. & Jones, D. L., 15 Jun 2020, In: Ecological Engineering. 153
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2019

• PublishedA generic approach for live prediction of the risk of agricultural field runoff and delivery to watercourses: linking parsimonious soil-water-connectivity models with live weather data APIs in decision tools
  Comber, A., Collins, A. L., Haro, D., Hess, T., Zhang, Y., Smith, A. & Turner, A., 4 Jun 2019, In: Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedHow do hedgerows influence soil organic carbon stock in livestock-grazed pasture?
  Ford, H., Healey, J. R., Webb, B., Pagella, T. F. & Smith, A. R., 31 Dec 2019, In: Soil Use and Management. 35, 4, p. 576-584
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedInland Water Bodies in China: New Features Discovered in the Long-term Satellite Data
  Feng, S., Liu, S., Huang, Z., Jing, L., Zhao, M., Peng, X., Yan, W., Wu, Y., Lv, Y., Smith, A., McDonald, M., Patil, S., Sarkissian, A., Shi, Z., Xia, J. & Ogbodo, U. S., 17 Dec 2019, In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA. 116, 51, p. 25491-25496
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedPolyculture affects biomass production of component species but not total standing biomass and soil carbon stocks in a temperate forest plantation
  Ahmed, I., Smith, A. & Godbold, D., Sept 2019, In: Annals of Forest Science.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedScience to Policy: Impacts of trees on farm ecosystem services
  Wiik, E., Toberman, H., Ford, H., Webb, B., Healey, J., Pagella, T., Marley, C. & Smith, A., 19 Mar 2019, Ser Cymru National Research Network for Low Carbon, Energy and Environment. 8 p.
  Research output: Book/Report › Commissioned report
• PublishedTree leaves as supplementary feed for ruminant livestock
  Kendall, N., Smith, J., Whistance, L., Stergiadis, S., Stoate, C., Chesshire, H. & Smith, A., 1 Nov 2019, 4 p. Woodland Trust Research Briefing
  Research output: Other contribution

2018

• PublishedHow does grazing management influence the functional diversity of oak woodland ecosystems? A plant trait approach.
  Ford, H., Healey, J., Markesteijn, L. & Smith, A., 15 Apr 2018, In: Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 258, p. 154-161 8 p.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedIsotopic methods for non-destructive assessment of carbon dynamics in shrublands under long-term climate change manipulation
  Andresen, L., Dominguez, M., Reinsch, S., Smith, A., Schmidt, I. K., Ambus, P., Beier, C., Boeckx, P., Bol, R. & de Dato, G., Apr 2018, In: Methods in Ecology and Evolution. 9, 4, p. 866-880
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedRole of substrate supply on microbial carbon use efficiency and its role in interpreting soil microbial community-level physiological profiles (CLPP)
  Jones, D. L., Hill, P., Smith, A., Farrell, M., Ge, T. & Murphy, D. V., Aug 2018, In: Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 123, p. 1-6 6 p.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2017

• PublishedContrasting response of summer soil respiration and enzyme activities to long-term warming and drought in a wet shrubland (NE Wales, UK)
  Dominguez, M., Holthof, E., Smith, A., Koller, E. & Emmett, B., Feb 2017, In: Applied Soil Ecology. 110, p. 151-155
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedInter-annual variability of soil respiration in wet shrublands: do plants modulate its sensitivity to climate?
  Dominguez, M., Smith, A., Reinsch, S. & Emmett, B., Jun 2017, In: Ecosystems. 20, 4, p. 796-812
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedMicrobial uptake and utlization of low molecular weight organic substrates in soil depend on carbon oxidation state
  Gunina, A., Smith, A., Jones, D. & Kuzyakov, Y., Mar 2017, In: Biogeochemistry. 133, 1, p. 89-100
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedResponse of soil microbial community to afforestation with pure and mixed specie
  Gunina, A., Smith, A., Godbold, D., Jones, D. & Kuzyakov, Y., 1 Mar 2017, In: Plant and Soil. 412, 1-2, p. 357-368
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedShrubland primary production and soil respiration diverge along European climate gradient
  Reinsch, S., Koller, E., Sowerby, A., de Dato, G., Estiarte, M., Guidolotti, G., Kovács-Láng, E., Kröel-Dulay, G., Lellei-Kovács, E., Larsen, K. S., Liberati, D., Peñuelas, J., Ransijn, J., Robinson, D., Schmidt, I. K., Smith, A., Tietema, A., Dukes, J. S., Beier, C. & Emmett, B., Mar 2017, In: Scientific Reports. 7, 43952.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2016

• PublishedA dynamic leaf gas-exchange strategy is conserved in woody plants under changing ambient CO2: evidence from carbon isotope discrimination in paleo and CO2 enrichment studies
  Voelker, S. L., Brooks, J. R., Meinzer, F. C., Anderson, R., Bader, M. K., Battipaglia, G., Becklin, K. M., Beerling, D., Bert, D., Betancourt, J. L., Dawson, T. E., Domec, J. C., Guyette, R. P., Korner, C., Leavitt, S. W., Linder, S., Marshall, J. D., Mildner, M., Ogee, J., Panyushkina, I., Plumpton, H. J., Pregitzer, K. S., Saurer, M., Smith, A. R., Siedwolf, R. T., Stambaugh, M. C., Talhelm, A. F., Tardif, J. C., Van de Water, P. K., Ward, J. K. & Wingate, L., 4 Jan 2016, In: Global Change Biology. 22, 2, p. 889-902
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedExperimental evidence for drought induced alternative stable states of soil moisture.
  Robinson, D., Jones, S. B., Lebron, I., Reinsch, S., Dominguez, M., Smith, A., Jones, D., Marshall, M. & Emmett, B., 25 Jan 2016, In: Scientific Reports. 6, 20018 .
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedTemperature dependence of soil respiration modulated by thresholds in soil water availability across European shrubland ecosystems
  Lellei-Kovács, E., Botta-Dukat, Z., de Dato, G., Estiarte, M., Guidolotti, G., Kopittke, G. R., Kovács-Láng, E., Kröel-Dulay, G., Steeben Larsen, K., Penuelas, J., Smith, A., Sowerby, A., Tietema, A. & Scmidt, I. K., Dec 2016, In: Ecosystems. 19, 8, p. 1460-1477
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedTrees, water storage and flooding in upland agricultural landscapes: why do we need to know more?
  Ford, H., Smith, A., Pagella, T. & Healey, J., 1 Apr 2016, Forestry & Timber News, April 2016, p. 27-28.
  Research output: Contribution to specialist publication › Article

2015

• PublishedContributions of a global network of tree diversity experiments to sustainable forest plantations
  Verheyen, K., Vanhellemont, M., Auge, H., Baeten, L., Baraloto, C., Barsoum, N., Bilodeau-Gauthier, S., Bruelheide, H., Castagneyrol, B., Godbold, D., Haase, J., Hector, A., Jactel, H., Koricheva, J., Loreau, M., Mereu, S., Messier, C., Muys, B., Nolet, P., Paquette, A., Parker, J., Perring, M., Ponette, Q., Potvin, C., Reich, P., Smith, A. R., Weih, M. & Scherer-Lorenzen, M., 12 Aug 2015, In: AMBIO. 45, 1, p. 29-41
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedElevated Atmospheric CO2 Affects Ectomycorrhizal Species Abundance and Increases Sporocarp Production under Field Conditions
  Godbold, D. L., Vasutova, M., Wilkinson, A., Edwards-Jonasova, M., Bambrick, M., Smith, A., Pavelka, M. & Cudlin, P., 21 Apr 2015, In: Forests. 6, 4, p. 1256-1273
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedIncreased sensitivity to climate change in disturbed ecosystems
  Kroel-Dulay, G., Ransijn, J., Schmidt, I. K., Beier, C., De Angelis, P., de Dato, G., Dukes, J. S., Emmett, B., Estiarte, M., Garadnai, J., Kongstad, J., Kovacs-Lang, E., Larsen, K. L., Liberati, D., Ogaya, R., Riis-Nielsen, T., Smith, A., Sowerby, A., Tietma, A. & Penuelas, J., 24 Mar 2015, In: Nature Communications. 6, 6682
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedMethods for estimating root biomass and production in forest and woodland ecosystem carbon studies: A review
  Addo-Danso, S. D., Prescott, C. E. & Smith, A. R., 9 Sept 2015, In: Forest Ecology and Management. 359, p. 332-351
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedTree species identity influences the vertical distribution of labile and recalcitrant carbon in a temperate deciduous forest soil
  Ahmed, I. U., Smith, A. R., Jones, D. L. & Godbold, D. L., 26 Jul 2015, In: Forest Ecology and Management. 359, p. 352-360
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2014

• PublishedCan current moisture responses predict soil CO2 efflux under altered precipitation regimes? A synthesis of manipulation experiments
  Vicca, S., Bahn, M., Estiarte, M., van Loon, E. E., Vargas, R., Alberti, G., Ambuis, P., Arain, M. A., Beier, C., Bentley, L. P., Borken, W. B., Collins, S. L., de Gato, G., Dukes, J. S., Escolar, C., Fay, P., Guidolotti, G., Hanson, P. J., Kahmen, A., Kroel-Dulay, G., Ladreiter-Knauss, T., Larsen, K. S., Lellei-Kovacs, E., Lebrija-Trejos, E., Maestre, F. T., Marhan, S., Marshall, M., Meir, P., Miao, Y., Muhr, J., Niklaus, P. A., Ogaya, R., Penuelas, J., Poll, C., Rustad, L. E., Savage, K., Schinlbacher, A., Schmidt, I. K., Smith, A. R., Sotta, E. D., Suseela, V., Tietema, A., van Gestel, N., van Straaten, O., Wan, S., Wenber, U. & Janssens, I. A., 6 Jun 2014, In: Biogeosciences. 11, 11, p. 2991-3013
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedDeciduous woodland exposed to elevated atmospheric CO2 has species-specific impacts on anecic earthworms
  Scullion, J., Smith, A. R., Gwynn-Jones, D., Jones, D. L. & Godbold, D. L., 1 Aug 2014, In: Applied Soil Ecology. 80, p. 84-92
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedElevated atmospheric CO2 and humidity delay leaf fall in Betula pendula, but not in Alnus glutinosa or Populus tremula x tremuloides
  Godbold, D., Tullus, A., Kupper, P., Sober, J., Ostonen, I., Godbold, J. A., Lukac, M., Ahmed, I. U. & Smith, A. R., 21 May 2014, In: Annals of Forest Science. 71, 8, p. 831-842
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedSustained impact of drought on wet shrublands mediated by soil physical changes
  Dominguez, M. T., Sowerby, A., Smith, A. R., Robinson, D. A., Van Baarsel, S., Mills, R. T., Marshall, M. R., Koller, E., Lebron, I., Hall, J. & Emmett, B. A., 18 Dec 2014, In: Biogeochemistry. 122, 2-3, p. 151-163
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2013

• PublishedElevated CO2 enrichment induces a differential biomass response in a mixed species temperate forest plantation
  Godbold, D. L., Smith, A. R., Lukac, M., Hood, R., Healey, J. R. & Miglietta, F. G., 1 Apr 2013, In: New Phytologist. 198, 1, p. 156-168
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedInvestigating the long-term legacy of drought and warming on the soil microbial community across five European shrubland ecosystems
  Rousk, J., Smith, A. R. & Jones, D. L., Dec 2013, In: Global Change Biology. 19, 12, p. 3872-3884
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedSoil microarthropods are only weakly impacted after 13 years of repeated drought treatment in wet and dry heathland soils
  Holmstrup, M., Sorensen, J. G., Schmidt, I. K., Nielsen, P. L., Mason, S., Tietema, A., Smith, A. R., Bataillon, T., Beier, C. & Ehlers, B. K., Nov 2013, In: Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 66, p. 110-118
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedTree species diversity interacts with elevated CO2 to induce a greater root system response
  Smith, A. R., Lukac, M., Bambrick, M., Miglietta, F. & Godbold, D. L., 1 Jan 2013, In: Global Change Biology. 19, 1, p. 217-228
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2012

• PublishedIncreased frequency of drought reduces species richness of enchytraeid communities in both wet and dry heathland soils
  Holmstrup, M., Sorensen, J. G., Maraldo, K., Schmidt, I. K., Mason, S., Tietema, A., Smith, A. R., Emmett, B., Schmelz, R. M., Bataillon, T., Beier, C. & Ehlers, B. K., 1 Oct 2012, In: Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 53, p. 43-49
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2011

• PublishedFree atmospheric CO2 enrichment increased above ground biomass but did not affect symbiotic N-2-fixation and soil carbon dynamics in a mixed deciduous stand in Wales
  Hoosbeek, M. R., Lukac, M., Velthorst, E., Smith, A. R. & Godbold, D. L., 14 Feb 2011, In: Biogeosciences. 8, 2, p. 353-364
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
• PublishedN2 fixation and cycling in Alnus glutinosa, Betula pendula and Fagus sylvatica woodland exposed to free air CO2 enrichment
  Millett, J., Godbold, D., Smith, A. R. & Grant, H., 18 Dec 2011, In: Oecologia. 169, 2, p. 541-52 12 p.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2006

• PublishedBangorFACE: Effects of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide on broadleaf trees
  Lukac, M., Smith, A., Brook, R. M., Turner, G., Bambrick, M., Hoosbeek, M., Miglietta, F. & Godbold, D. L., 1 Jan 2006.
  Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper

2004

• PublishedFinishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome
  International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium & Smith, A., 21 Oct 2004, In: Nature. 431, 7011, p. 931-945
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2001

• PublishedInitial sequencing and analysis of the human genome
  International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium & Smith, A., 15 Feb 2001, In: Nature. 409, 6822, p. 860-921
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

1999

• PublishedHow the worm was won - the C-elegans genome sequencing project
  C. elegans sequencing consortium & Smith, A., Feb 1999, In: Trends in Genetics. 15, 2, p. 51-58
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

1998

• PublishedGenome sequence of the nematode C-elegans: A platform for investigating biology
  C. elegans sequencing consortium & Smith, A., 11 Dec 1998, In: Science. 282, 5396, p. 2012-2018
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

1997

• PublishedFrom long range mapping to sequence-ready contigs on human chromosome 6
  Mungall, A., Humphray, S., Ranby, S., Edwards, C., Heathcott, R., Clee, C., Holloway, E., Peck, A., Harrison, P., Green, L., Butler, A., Langford, C., Gwilliam, R., Huckle, E., Baron, L., Smith, A., Leversha, M., Ramsey, Y., Clegg, S., Rice, C., Maslen, G., Hunt, S., Scott, C., Soderlund, C., Theaker, A., Ross, M., Deloukas, P., Bentley, D. & Dunham, I., 1997, In: DNA sequence. 8, 3, p. 805-811
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

1994

• Published2.2 Mb of contiguous nucleotide sequence from chromosome III of C. elegans
  Wilson, R., Ainscough, R., Anderson, K., Baynes, C., Berks, M., Bonfield, J., Burton, J., Connell, M., Copsey, T., Cooper, J., Coulson, A., Craxton, M., Dear, S., Du, Z., Durbin, R., Favello, A., Fraser, A., Fulton , L., Gardner, A., Green, P., Hawkins, T., Hillier, L., Jier, M., Johnston, L., Jones, M., Kershaw, J., Kirsten, J., Laisstert, N., Latreille, P., Lightning, J., Lloyd, C., Mortimore, B., O'Callaghan, M., Parsons, J., Percy , C., Rifken, L., Roopra, A., Saunders, D., Shownkeen, R., Sims, M., Smaldon, N., Smith, A., Smith, M., Sonnhammer, E., Staden, R., Sulston, J., Thierry-Mieg, J., Thomas, K., Vaudin, M., Vaughan, K., Waterston, R., Watson, A., Weinstock, L., Wilkinson-Sproatt, J. & Wohldman, P., 3 Mar 1994, In: Nature. 368, 6466, p. 32-8 7 p.
  Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2024

• ISPF Funded Project: Soil Legacy Phosphorus Evaluation in Brazil

  Brazil produces 40% of the global supply of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) through cultivation of an area of over 10 million hectares, projected to expand to 18.8 million hectares by 2050. Phosphorus (P) is a finite essential nutrient for agriculture that is rapidly depleting. Brazilian sugarcane cultivation requires substantial P fertilisation due to low P use efficiency as inorganic P interacts with soil mineralogy to form insoluble P compounds that are unavailable to crops, a phenomenon known as P-fixation. Inefficiency of P use in sugarcane cultivation requires the application of 20% of Brazil’s total consumption of inorganic P fertiliser to maintain yields. Quantifying the plant unavailable “legacy P” that remains after historical P-fixation of inorganic P fertiliser applications, combined with novel methods of increasing P use efficiency, has potential to alleviate the reliance on inorganic P fertilisers and substantially improve cost and sustainability of sugarcane production in Brazil. Value = £40,000

  1 Oct 2024 – 30 Apr 2025

  Activity: Other (Contributor)
• ISPF Funded Project: MO3NTANE – The threat of ozone pollution and climate change to tropical montane forests.

  MO3NTANE aims to support economic and social impact in Ecuador by addressing the impact of ozone and heat and drought events on Ecuadorian tree species. By examining the sensitivity of these species to ozone levels and the interaction with heat and drought events, the research can provide valuable insights into the effects of climate change and tropospheric ozone pollution on the local ecosystem. This knowledge can inform conservation efforts, sustainable land use practices, and forest management strategies, contributing to the preservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services. Additionally, by identifying the potential economic and social implications of ozone pollution and climate change on Ecuador's forests, the research can help guide policy development and adaptation strategies to mitigate these impacts. Ultimately, the findings of this research have the potential to support sustainable development opportunities in Ecuador by promoting environmental resilience and resource management. Value = £10,000

  1 Feb 2024

  Activity: Other (Contributor)

2023

• BU-IIA Funded Project: Linking tree nursery practice to windthrow risk in UK forestry

  Current UK tree nursery practices include many tree propagation methodologies (e.g., vegetative propagation, undercut bare root, and cell grown seedlings) nearly all of which have been shown to alter root architecture and morphology compared to naturally grown trees(Feng et al., 2022).

  The overarching aim of this proof-of-concept project is to determine how wind-firmness of trees is affected by the routine root pruning operations of UK tree nurseries.

  Funding awarded through the Bangor University Innovation and Impact Award (Research Wales Innovation Funding). Value = £34,909

  1 Aug 2023 – 31 Jul 2024

  Activity: Other (Contributor)
• NERC cross-disciplinary research for Discovery Science Funded Project: Looking through the superlens at the impact of ozone on tree seed germination, establishment and mycorrhization.

  Globally, afforestation is proposed as a nature-based solution to meet Net Zero targets. However, recent evidence suggests that ground-level ozone (O3), formed during photolysis of precursors such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), can decrease net primary productivity (NPP) of plants by 50% with serious implications for ecosystem function and sustainability. Afforestation and ecosystem restoration using natural regeneration and direct seedling are reliant on the continued viability of seed and successful establishment of forests is highly dependent on the mycorrhizal fungal symbiont that facilitates the acquisition of nutrients, improves resilience and connects plants via common mycorrhizal networks. This study will investigate the effect of ground-level O3 on tree seed germination, mycorrhization and seedling viability using cutting-edge visualisation and compound analysis techniques.

  Value=£20,000

  1 Jan 2023 – 30 Apr 2023

  Activity: Other (Contributor)

• Development of Regenerative Tree Nursery Practice

  04/09/2023 – 15/04/2025 (Finished)

• ASPEN: Autonomous Systems for Forest ProtEctioN

  01/04/2023 – 04/09/2024 (Finished)

• Diversitree

  12/08/2022 – 30/04/2025 (Finished)

• Monitoring forest health using VOCs

  01/01/2022 – 01/08/2022 (Finished)

• MEMBRA: understanding memory of UK treescapes for better resilience and adaptation

  08/08/2021 – 06/09/2024 (Finished)

• KESS II East Phd with Woodland Trust BUK2E036

  01/02/2020 – 31/03/2024 (Finished)

• QUINTUS

  01/10/2019 – 28/07/2025 (Active)

  Description

  NERC - Quinquennial (half-decadal) carbon and nutrient dynamics in temperate forests: Implications for carbon sequestration in a high carbon dioxide world

• GCRF proposal development workshop

  01/07/2017 – 01/08/2018 (Finished)

• Visualisation of water quality risks and costs associated with mis-timed agricultural applications

  01/11/2016 – 01/01/2022 (Finished)

  Links:

  • https://saric.shinyapps.io/wis_catch/

• KESS II PhD with Woodland Trust - BUK211

  01/12/2015 – 01/08/2022 (Finished)

• Enhancing Agricultural Productivity and Ecosystem Service Resilience

  01/09/2015 – 01/08/2019 (Finished)

  Links:

  • http://www.nrn-lcee.ac.uk/multi-land/

• fine-scale spatial and temporal controls on fluxes of greenhouse gases

  01/10/2013 – 27/05/2017 (Finished)

• Member NERC Peer Review College
• Senior Fellow of the Higher Education Academy (AdvanceHE) (2022)

Current Administrative Roles

• Henfaes (Field Research Centre) Committee Member (2013-current)

Former Administrative Roles

• School Director of Research (2014-2021)
• School Executive Committee Member (2014-2021)
• Dean of Global Engagement, College of Science and Engineering (2024-2025)
• College Executive Committee Member (2024-2025)
• University Global Engagement Committee Member (2024-2025)
• University Senior Leadership Group Member (2024-2025)