This article considers the Jewess in relation to the art of Stanley Kubrick. By utilizing the latest insights in the emerging field of Kubrick Studies, namely the “new historical turn” that is based on exploiting material now deposited in his archive at the University of Arts, London, combined with the growing work on Kubrick’s Jewishness and on Kubrick and feminism, it argues for a reconsideration of Kubrick's working practices with regards to Jewish women but also that the notion of the Jewess helps us to understand Kubrick’s work. In so doing, it expands our notion of the Jewess beyond explicit representation thus widening the current boundaries within Jewish film studies. It will attempt to do so by combining a survey of those Jewish women with whom Kubrick worked before analyzing the Jewesses in both his realized and unrealized projects, in particular how his casting choices, among other factors, leave palimpsestic traces in his films and hence permitting us the possibility of reading those Jewish actresses as Jewesses onscreen.

Parasitic infections are ubiquitous in wildlife, livestock and human populations, and healthy ecosystems are often parasite rich. Yet, their negative impacts can be extreme. Understanding how both anticipated and cryptic changes in a system might affect parasite transmission at an individual, local and global level is critical for sustainable control in humans and livestock. Here we highlight and synthesize evidence regarding potential effects of ‘system changes’ (both climatic and anthropogenic) on parasite transmission from wild host–parasite systems. Such information could inform more efficient and sustainable parasite control programmes in domestic animals or humans. Many examples from diverse terrestrial and aquatic natural systems show how abiotic and biotic factors affected by system changes can interact additively, multiplicatively or antagonistically to influence parasite transmission, including through altered habitat structure, biodiversity, host demographics and evolution. Despite this, few studies of managed systems explicitly consider these higher-order interactions, or the subsequent effects of parasite evolution, which can conceal or exaggerate measured impacts of control actions. We call for a more integrated approach to investigating transmission dynamics, which recognizes these complexities and makes use of new technologies for data capture and monitoring, and to support robust predictions of altered parasite dynamics in a rapidly changing world.

In a world where evidence-based practice is seen as the foundation of modern healthcare, this paper asks when and how should we be accounting for the input of patients, the public, dental professionals, commissioners and policy-makers in the evidence generation process?